<p> Replication factor C (RFC) is a multimeric AAA+ protein complex that loads the DNA polymerase processivity clamp PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) onto DNA using ATP to drive the reaction [<cite idref="PUB00036061"/>]. PCNA functions at multiple levels in directing DNA metabolic pathways [<cite idref="PUB00036062"/>]. When bound to DNA, PCNA organises various proteins involved in DNA replication, DNA repair, DNA modification, and chromatin modelling.</p><p>Replication factor C consists of five subunits in a spiral arrangement: Rfc1, Rfc2, Rfc3, Rfc4, and Rfc5 subunits. Rfc1 and Rfc2 load the PCNA sliding clamp onto DNA, while Rfc3 binds ATP and also acts as a checkpoint sensor. The RFC complex contains four ATP sites (sites A, B, C, and D) located at subunit interfaces. In each ATP site, an arginine residue from one subunit is located near the gamma-phosphate of ATP bound in the adjacent subunit. These arginine residues act as "arginine fingers" that can potentially perform two functions: sensing that ATP is bound and catalyzing ATP hydrolysis [<cite idref="PUB00036061"/>].</p><p>This entry represents the core domain found in Rfc1-5.</p> Replication factor C