InterProInterPro Protein Domain record

Phospholipase A2, eukaryotic
http://metadb.riken.jp/db/SciNetS_rib124i/crib124s1rib124u1211i

Phospholipase A2, eukaryotic

InterPro Protein Domain record

description
  • <p>Phospholipase A2 (<db_xref db="EC" dbkey="3.1.1.4"/>) (PLA2) is a small lipolytic enzyme that releases fatty acids from the second carbon group of glycerol. It is involved in a number of physiologically important cellular processes, such as the liberation of arachidonicacid from membrane phospholipids [<cite idref="PUB00003922"/>]. It plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of prostaglandin and othermediators of inflammation. PLA2 has four to seven disulphide bonds and binds a calciumion that is essential for activity. Within the active enzyme, the alpha amino group isinvolved in a conserved hydrogen-bonding network linking the N-terminal region tothe active site. The side chains of two conserved residues, His and Asp, participate inthe catalytic network.</p><p>Many PLA2's are widely distributed in snakes, lizards, bees and mammals. In mammalsthere are at least four forms: pancreatic, membrane-associated as well as two lesswell characterised forms. The venom of most snakes contains multiple forms of PLA2.Some of them are presynaptic neurotoxins which inhibit neuromuscular transmission byblocking acetylcholine release from the nerve termini.</p><p>Some of the proteins in this family are allergens. Allergies are hypersensitivity reactions of the immune system to specific substances called allergens (such as pollen, stings, drugs, or food) that, in most people, result in no symptoms. A nomenclature system has been established for antigens (allergens) that cause IgE-mediated atopic allergies in humans [WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Subcommittee King T.P., Hoffmann D., Loewenstein H., Marsh D.G., Platts-Mills T.A.E., Thomas W. Bull. World Health Organ. 72:797-806(1994)]. This nomenclature system is defined by a designation that is composed of the first three letters of the genus; a space; the first letter of the species name; a space and an arabic number. In the event that two speciesnames have identical designations, they are discriminated from one anotherby adding one or more letters (as necessary) to each species designation.</p><p> The allergens in this family include allergens with the following designations: Api m 1.</p>
label
  • Phospholipase A2, eukaryotic
attributionURL
signatures_SMART
type
seeAlso
children
contains
PDB_structure
Os_RAPDB_Locus
Pfam-A