<p> The eukaryotic RNA polymerase subunits RPB4 and RPB7 form a heterodimer that reversibly associates with the RNA polymerase II core. Archaeal cells contain a single RNAP made up of about 12 subunits, displaying considerable homology to the eukaryotic RNAPII subunits. The RPB4 and RPB7 homologs are called subunits F and E, respectively, and have been shown to form a stable heterodimer. While the RPB7 homologue is reasonably well conserved, the similarity between the eukaryotic RPB4 and the archaeal F subunit is barely detectable [<cite idref="PUB00007873"/>].</p>